Gamma Enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase, Enolase 2, Neural enolase, Neuron-specific enolase)

Enolase (2-phosphoglycerate hydrolyase or phosphopyruvate hydrates) is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration and conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpy­ruvate. It comprises three distinct subunits, α, β and γ. The γγ and αγ dimeric forms of enolase, referred to as neuron-specific enolase(NSE), are localized mainly in neurons and neuroectodermal tissue. NSE has a high stability in biological fluids and can easily diffuse to the extracellular medium and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) when neuronal membranes are injured. NSE is used clinically as a sensitive and useful marker of neuronal damage in several neurological disorders including stroke, hypoxic brain damage, status epilepticus, Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease, and herpetic encephalitis.