Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 Human,
Sheep Polyclonal Antibody

Research topic

Animal studies, Energy metabolism and body weight regulation

Introduction to the Molecule

Angiopoietin-like proteins ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 are secreted proteins mainly expressed in liver that have been demonstrated to regulate triglyceride metabolism by inhibiting the lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. ANGPTL3 is structurally similar to angiopoietins, which are vascular endothelial growth factors.

The experimental results show that Angptl3 and Angptl4 function to regulate circulating triglyceride levels during different nutritional states and therefore play a role in lipid metabolism during feeding/fasting through differential inhibition of Lipoprotein lipase (LPL).

Using deletion mutants of human ANGPTL3, it was demonstrated that the N-terminal domain containing fragment – (17–207) and not the C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain containing fragment – (207–460) increased the plasma triglyceride levels in mice.

The fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF, ANGPTL4, PGAR, HFARP) was identified as an adipocytokine up-regulated by fasting, by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, and by hypoxia. At the protein level, in human and mouse blood plasma, FIAF was found to be present both as a native protein and in a truncated form. Differentiation of mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes was associated with the production of truncated FIAF, whereas in human white adipose tissue and SGBS adipocytes, only the native FIAF could be detected. Interestingly, the truncated FIAF was produced by human liver. Experimental data suggest that FIAF is mainly presented in human blood plasma in a truncated form (FIAF-S2), whose level is increased by fenofibrate treatment. Levels of both truncated and native FIAF showed marked inter individual variation but were not associated with body mass index and were not influenced by prolonged semistarvation.

Note

This product is for research use only.

References to summary

• Koster A, Chao YB, Mosior M, Ford A, Gonzalez-DeWhitt PA, Hale JE, Li D, Qiu Y, Fraser CC, Yang DD, Heuer JG, Jaskunas SR, Eacho P. Transgenic angiopoietin-like (angptl)4 overexpression and targeted disruption of angptl4 and angptl3: regulation of triglyceride metabolism. Endocrinology. 2005 Nov;146(11):4943-50. Epub 2005 Aug 4.
• Mandard S, Zandbergen F, Tan NS, Escher P, Patsouris D, Koenig W, Kleemann R, Bakker A, Veenman F, Wahli W, Muller M, Kersten S. The direct peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor target fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF/PGAR/ANGPTL4) is present in blood plasma as a truncated protein that is increased by fenofibrate treatment. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34411-20. Epub 2004 Jun 9.

Source of Antigen

E. coli

Host

Sheep

Preparation

The antibody was raised in sheep by immunization with the recombinant Human ANGPTL3.

Amino Acid Sequence

Species Reactivity

Human
Not yet tested in other species.

Purification Method

Immunoaffinity chromatography on a column with immobilized recombinant Human ANGPTL3.

Antibody Content

0.1 mg (determined by BCA method, BSA was used as a standard)

Formulation

The antibody is lyophilized in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, 0.1 M NaCl, pH 7.2. AZIDE FREE.

Reconstitution

Add 0.1 ml of deionized water and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Slight turbidity may occur after reconstitution, which does not affect activity of the antibody. In this case clarify the solution by centrifugation.

Storage/Stability

The lyophilized antibody remains stable and fully active until the expiry date when stored at –20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles and store frozen at –80°C. Reconstituted antibody can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show decline in activity after one week at 4°C.

Quality Control Test

Indirect ELISA – to determine titer of the antibody
SDS PAGE – to determine purity of the antibody

Applications

ELISA, Western blotting

References

• Koster A, Chao YB, Mosior M, Ford A, Gonzalez-DeWhitt PA, Hale JE, Li D, Qiu Y, Fraser CC, Yang DD, Heuer JG, Jaskunas SR, Eacho P. Transgenic angiopoietin-like (angptl)4 overexpression and targeted disruption of angptl4 and angptl3: regulation of triglyceride metabolism. Endocrinology. 2005 Nov;146(11):4943-50. Epub 2005 Aug 4.
• Mandard S, Zandbergen F, Tan NS, Escher P, Patsouris D, Koenig W, Kleemann R, Bakker A, Veenman F, Wahli W, Muller M, Kersten S. The direct peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor target fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF/PGAR/ANGPTL4) is present in blood plasma as a truncated protein that is increased by fenofibrate treatment. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34411-20. Epub 2004 Jun 9.

By research topic:

• Animal studies
• Energy metabolism and body weight regulation

By molecule:

• Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3