Stanniocalcin 1 (STC-1) Human,
Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Research topic

Bone and cartilage metabolism, Reproduction

Introduction to the Molecule

Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) is the mammalian homologue of STC, which was originally identified as a calcium/phosphate-regulating hormone in bony fishes. In contrast, STC1 may play an autocrine and paracrine role with pleiotropic effects in mammals. It is expressed in a wide variety of tissues, but unexpectedly is not detected in the circulation under normal circumstances, which is possibly caused by its attaching to soluble and tethered forms of a high-affinity binding protein.

STC-1 can affect calcium homeostasis, bone and muscle mass and structure, and angiogenesis through effects on osteoblasts, osteoclasts, myoblasts/myocytes, and endothelial cells in mouse model. Differential regulation of myocardial STC1 protein expression was reported in heart failure. In addition, STC1 may regulate calcium currents in cardiomyocytes and may contribute to the alterations in calcium homeostasis of the failing heart. STC1 was foud to be a selective modulator of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced endothelial migration and morphogenesis, an inhibitor of macrophage chemotaxis and chemokinesis, suppressor of progesterone and luteinization inhibitor. Together with STC-2, it may play important roles in the processes of implantation and decidualization in the rat. In terminally differentiated adipocytes, it may function as a “survival factor”, which contributes to the maintenance of the integrity of mature adipose tissue. In context with its possible role in gestation, a Big STC, a three higher-molecular-mass variant has been described. STC1 was identified as one of hypoxia-responsive genes coupled to hypoxia-driven angiogenesis.

Current research indicates that STC-1 might be a useful molecular marker to detect tumor cells in blood and bone marrow from patients with various types of malignancies.

Note

This product is for research use only.

Source of Antigen

293 cell line (Human embryonic kidney)

Host

Rabbit

Preparation

The antibody was raised in rabbits by immunization with the recombinant Human STC-1.

Amino Acid Sequence

Species Reactivity

Human
Not yet tested in other species.

Purification Method

Immunoaffinity chromatography on a column with immobilized recombinant Human STC-1.

Antibody Content

0.1 mg (determined by BCA method, BSA was used as a standard)

Formulation

The antibody is lyophilized in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, 0.1 M NaCl, pH 7.2. AZIDE FREE.

Reconstitution

Add 0.1 ml of deionized water and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Slight turbidity may occur after reconstitution, which does not affect activity of the antibody. In this case clarify the solution by centrifugation.

Storage/Stability

The lyophilized antibody remains stable and fully active until the expiry date when stored at –20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles and store frozen at –80°C. Reconstituted antibody can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show decline in activity after one week at 4°C.

Quality Control Test

Indirect ELISA – to determine titer of the antibody
SDS PAGE – to determine purity of the antibody

Applications

ELISA, Western blotting

References

• Fujiwara Y, Sugita Y, Nakamori S, Miyamoto A, Shiozaki K, Nagano H, Sakon M, Monden M. Assessment of Stanniocalcin-1 mRNA as a molecular marker for micrometastases of various human cancers.
• McCudden CR, Majewski A, Chakrabarti S, Wagner GF. Co-localization of stanniocalcin-1 ligand and receptor in human breast carcinomas.
• James K, Seitelbach M, McCudden CR, Wagner GF. Evidence for stanniocalcin binding activity in mammalian blood and glomerular filtrate.
• Xiao LJ, Yuan JX, Song XX, Li YC, Hu ZY, Liu YX. Expression and regulation of stanniocalcin 1 and 2 in rat uterus during embryo implantation and decidualization.
• Yeung HY, Lai KP, Chan HY, Mak NK, Wagner GF, Wong CK. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1-mediated activation of stanniocalcin-1 in human cancer cells.
• Hasselblatt M, Bohm C, Tatenhorst L, Dinh V, Newrzella D, Keyvani K, Jeibmann A, Buerger H, Rickert CH, Paulus W. Identification of novel diagnostic markers for choroid plexus tumors: a microarray-based approach.
• Hasilo CP, McCudden CR, Gillespie JR, James KA, Hirvi ER, Zaidi D, Wagner GF. Nuclear targeting of stanniocalcin to mammary gland alveolar cells during pregnancy and lactation.
• Yoshiko Y, Aubin JE, Maeda N. Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) protein and mRNA are developmentally regulated during embryonic mouse osteogenesis: the potential of stc1 as an autocrine/paracrine factor for osteoblast development and bone formation.
• Wu S, Yoshiko Y, De Luca F. Stanniocalcin 1 acts as a paracrine regulator of growth plate chondrogenesis.
• Filvaroff EH, Guillet S, Zlot C, Bao M, Ingle G, Steinmetz H, Hoeffel J, Bunting S, Ross J, Carano RA, Powell-Braxton L, Wagner GF, Eckert R, Gerritsen ME, French DM. Stanniocalcin 1 alters muscle and bone structure and function in transgenic mice.
• Zlot C, Ingle G, Hongo J, Yang S, Sheng Z, Schwall R, Paoni N, Wang F, Peale FV Jr, Gerritsen ME. Stanniocalcin 1 is an autocrine modulator of endothelial angiogenic responses to hepatocyte growth factor.
• Yoshiko Y, Maeda N, Aubin JE. Stanniocalcin 1 stimulates osteoblast differentiation in rat calvaria cell cultures.
• Tohmiya Y, Koide Y, Fujimaki S, Harigae H, Funato T, Kaku M, Ishii T, Munakata Y, Kameoka J, Sasaki T. Stanniocalcin-1 as a novel marker to detect minimal residual disease of human leukemia.
• Sheikh-Hamad D, Bick R, Wu GY, Christensen BM, Razeghi P, Poindexter B, Taegtmeyer H, Wamsley A, Padda R, Entman M, Nielsen S, Youker K. Stanniocalcin-1 is a naturally occurring L-channel inhibitor in cardiomyocytes: relevance to human heart failure.
• Kanellis J, Bick R, Garcia G, Truong L, Tsao CC, Etemadmoghadam D, Poindexter B, Feng L, Johnson RJ, Sheikh-Hamad D. Stanniocalcin-1, an inhibitor of macrophage chemotaxis and chemokinesis.
• Wascher RA, Huynh KT, Giuliano AE, Hansen NM, Singer FR, Elashoff D, Hoon DS. Stanniocalcin-1: a novel molecular blood and bone marrow marker for human breast cancer.
• Jiang WQ, Chang AC, Satoh M, Furuichi Y, Tam PP, Reddel RR. The distribution of stanniocalcin 1 protein in fetal mouse tissues suggests a role in bone and muscle development.
• Lal A, Peters H, St Croix B, Haroon ZA, Dewhirst MW, Strausberg RL, Kaanders JH, van der Kogel AJ, Riggins GJ. Transcriptional response to hypoxia in human tumors.
• Serlachius M, Andersson LC. Upregulated expression of stanniocalcin-1 during adipogenesis.

By research topic:

• Bone and cartilage metabolism
• Reproduction

By molecule:

• Stanniocalcin 1