Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 Human ELISA

Summary

Angiopoietin-like Protein 3 (Angptl3) is one from six members of Angiopoietin-like (Angptl) family of proteins, which has been identified as orphan ligands with structural similarity to angiopoietins. Angptl3 has 490-amino acid residues and its expression is restricted to the liver. Angptl3 and Angptl4 have been shown to regulate fat, lipid or glucose metabolic homeostasis. Angptl3 is a hepatocyte-derived circulating factor that affect lipid metabolism and is involved in regulating lipid storage and breakdown. Overexpression of Angptl3 or intravenous injection of the purified protein in mice elicited an increase in circulating plasma lipid levels. Angptl3 decreases very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride clearance by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, directly targeting adipose cells to activate lipolysis. This results in an increased release of free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol from adipocytes. These observations indicate that Angptl3 might regulate lipid metabolism by inhibiting LPL and by stimulating lipolysis in adipocytes. Recent findings suggest that elevated levels of Angptl3 in diabetic states might be involved in inducing hypertriglyce­ridemia and hyperfattyacidemia in diabetes and obesity. Hypertriglyce­ridemia causes triglyceride accumulation in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscles to enhance insulin- and leptin- resistance, and in vessel walls to induce atherosclerosis. Hyperfattyacidemia also affects the regulation of insulin secretion. Taken together, these findings suggest that abnormalities in the regulation of Angptl3 might be involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Angptl3 also suggest a possible role in the regulation of proliferation of new vessel from preexisting capillaries; a process termed angiogenesis also plays a key role in the progression of solid tumor growth, diabetic retinopathies, psoriasis, inflammation, and rheumathoid arthritis.

Areas of investigation: Lipid metabolism, Angiogenesis, Atherosclerosis

Features

• It is intended for research use only
• The total assay time is less than 3.5 hours.
• The kit measures Angptl3 in serum and plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin).
• Assay format – 96 wells
• Quality controls are human serum based. No animal sera are used.
• Standard is recombinant protein based.
• Components of kit are provided ready to use, concentrated or lyophilized.

Research topic

Energy metabolism and body weight regulation

Find out more on biovendor.com

• Angiopoietin-like proteins 4 and 3 in BioVendor News

Assay format

Sandwich ELISA, Biotin-labelled antibody

Applications

Plasma-Citrate, Plasma-EDTA, Plasma-Heparin, Serum

Sample requirements

30 µl/well

Storage/Shipping

Store the complete kit at 2–8°C. Under this condition, the kit is stable until the expiration date (see the label on the box).

Calibration Curve

Calibration range

12.5 to 400 ng/ml

Limit of detection

Limit of Detection (LOD) (defined as concentration of analyte giving absorbance higher than mean absorbance of blank plus three standard deviations of the absorbance of blank: Ablank + 3×SDblank) is calculated from the real Angptl3 values in wells and is 1,08 ng/ml.

Intra-assay (Within-Run, n=8)

CV = 3.7 %

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run, n=6)

CV = 8.9 %

Spiking Recovery

95.8

Dilution Linearity

102.2 %

Cross-Reactivity

Monkey

References to summary

• Hatsuda S., Shoji T., Shinohara K., Kimoto E., Mori K., Fukumoto S., Koyama H., Emoto M., Nishizawa Y.: Association between plasma angiopoietin-like protein 3 and arterial wall thickness in healthy subjects.J Vasc Res. 2007;44(1):61–6.
• Fujimoto K., Koishi R., Shimizugawa T., Ando Y.: Angptl3-null mice show low plasma lipid concentrations by enhanced lipoprotein lipase activity.Exp Anim. 2006; 55(1):27–34
• Shimamura M, Matsuda M, Yasumo H, Okazaki M, Fujimoto K, Kono K, Shimizugawa T, Ando Y, Koishi R, Kohama T, Sakai N, Kotani K, Komuro R, Ishida T, Hirata K, Yamashita S, Furukawa H, Shimomura I: Angiopoietin-like protein3 regulates plasma HDL cholesterol through suppression of endothelial lipase.Arteri­oscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007;27(2):366–72
• Dormer A, Beck G: Evolutionary analysis of human vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin, and tyrosine endothelial kinase involved in angiogenesis and immunity.In Silico Biol. 2005;5(3):323–39
• Ge H., Cha J.Y., Gopal H., Harp Ch., Yu X., Repa J.J. and Li C.: Differential regulation and properties of angiopoietin-like proteins 3 and 4.J Lipid Res. 2005; 46(7):1484–90
• Kersten S: Regulation of lipid metabolism via angiopoietin-like proteins.Biochem Soc Trans. 2005;33(Pt 5):1059–62
• Oike Y., Akao M., Kubota Y. and Suda T.: Angiopoietin-like proteins: potential new targets for metabolic syndrome therapy.Trends Mol Med. 2005; 11(10):473–9.
• Ando Y., Shimizugawa T., Takeshita S., Ono M., Shimamura M., Koishi R., Furukawa H.: A decreased expression of angiopoietin-like 3 is protective against atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice.J Lipid Res. 2003; 44(6):1216–23
• Inaba T., Matsuda M., Shimamura M., Takei N., Terasaka N., Ando Y., Yasumo H., Koishi R., Makishima M., Shimomura I.: Angiopoietin-like protein 3 mediates hypertriglyce­ridemia induced by the liver X receptor.J Biol Chem. 2003; 278(24):21344–51
• Kaplan R., Zhang T., Hernandez M., Gan F.X., Wright S.D., Waters M.G. and Cai T.-Q.: Regulation of the angiopoietin-like protein 3 gene by LXR.J Lipid Res. 2003; 44(1):136–43
• Ono M., Shimizugawa T., Shimamura M., Yoshida K., Noji-Sakikawa C., Ando Y., Koishi R., Furukawa H.: Protein region important for regulation of lipid metabolism in angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3): ANGPTL3 is cleaved and activated in vivo.J Biol Chem. 2003; 278(43):41804–9
• Camenisch G, Pisabarro MT, Sherman D, Kowalski J, Nagel M, Hass P, Xie MH, Gurney A, Bodary S, Liang XH, Clark K, Beresini M, Ferrara N, Gerber HP: ANGPTL3 stimulates endothelial cell adhesion and migration via integrin alpha vbeta 3 and induces blood vessel formation in vivo.J Biol Chem. 2002 10;277(19):17281–90
• Koishi R., Ando Y., Ono M., Shimamura M., Yasumo H., Fujiwara T., Horikoshi H., Furukawa H.: Angptl3 regulates lipid metabolism in mice.Nat Genet. 2002; 30(2):151–7
• Shimizugawa T., Ono M., Shimamura M., Yoshida K., Ando Y., Koishi R., Ueda K., Inaba T., Minekura H., Kohama T., Furukawa H.: ANGPTL3 decreases very low density lipoprotein triglyceride clearance by inhibition of lipoprotein lipase.J Biol Chem. 2002; 277(37):33742–8
• Yoon J.C., Chickering T.W., Rosen E.D., Dussault B., Qin Y., Soukas A., Friedman J.M., Holmes W.E.: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma target gene encoding a novel angiopoietin-related protein associated with adipose differentiati­on.Mol Cell Biol. 2000; 20(14):5343–9
• Conklin D., Gilbertson D., Taft D.W., Maurer M.F., Whitmore T.E., Smith D.L., Walker K.M., Chen L.H., Wattler S., Nehls M., Lewis K.B.Y: Identification of a mammalian angiopoietin-related protein expressed specifically in liver.Genomics. 1999; 62(3):477–82

By research topic:

• Energy metabolism and body weight regulation

By molecule:

• Angiopoietin-like Protein 3

Registration form