Leptin Receptor Human ELISA

Research topic

Energy metabolism and body weight regulation, Reproduction

Features

• The total assay time is less than four hours.
• The kit measures total serum Leptin receptor.
• Standard is recombinat protein based.
• Quality Controls are human serum based.
• Components of the kit are ready-to-use (with the exception of Wash Solution and Quality Controls).

Storage/Shipping

Store the kit at 2–8°C. Under these conditions, the kit is stable until the expiration date (see label on the box).

Summary

Leptin receptor (OB R) was identified as a leptin binding protein (Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is a single chain 16 kDa protein consisting of 146 amino acid residues.) OB R was found to be a member of the class I cytokine receptor family with a large extracellular domain comprising 816 amino acid residues. Leptin receptor exists in multiple forms with a common extracellular domain and a variable length cytoplasmatic portion. Alternate splicing from a single gene derives the six isoforms of the Leptin receptor. The soluble form of the Leptin receptor, OB R contains no intracellular motifs or transmembrane residues, thus it consists entirely of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the receptor. Long forms of OB-R transcripts were reported to be expressed predominantly in regions of the hypothalamus which provides evidence that Leptin receptor is important in body weight regulation. Expression of short forms of OB-R transcripts have been found in multiple tissues, including the choroid plexus, lung, kidney, and primitive hematopoietic cell populations. Leptin receptor may act as a negative regulator of Leptin activity and it may maintain a pool of available bioactive Leptin by binding and delaying its clearance from circulation. Soluble Leptin receptor levels are indirectly proportional to adiposity and are increased in females versus males. Leptin receptor levels are highest in infants, decrease into adolescence, and remain relatively stable throughout adulthood. Soluble Leptin receptor is also found upregulated in patients with chronic heart failure, end-stage renal disease and anorexia.

Assay format

Sandwich ELISA, HRP-labelled antibody

Sample requirements

35 µl/well

Applications

Cell culture medium, Plasma-Citrate, Plasma-EDTA, Plasma-Heparin, Serum

Calibration Curve

Limit of detection

Analytical Limit of Detection is calculated from the real Leptin receptor values in wells and is 0.4 ng/ml

Limit of quantification

Assay Sensitivity takes the dilution of samples into consideration and is calculated according to the formula: Assay Sensitivity = Analytical Limit of Detection x sample dilution = 0.4 ng/ml x 3 = 1.2 ng/ml

Intra-assay (Within-Run, n=8)

CV = 8.4 %

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run, n=7)

CV = 6.7 %

Spiking Recovery

92.7 %

Dilution Linearity

103.6 %

Cross-Reactivity

Human, Dog, Horse, Mouse, Pig

References to this product

• Housova J, Wilczek H, Haluzik MM, Kremen J, Krizova J, Haluzik M . Adipocyte-derived hormones in heroin addicts: the influence of methadone maintenance treatment. Physiol Res . 54(1):73-8 (2005)
• Krsek M, Silha JV, Jezkova J, Hana V, Marek J, Weiss V, Stepan JJ, Murphy LJ . Adipokine levels in Cushing's syndrome; elevated resistin levels in female patients with Cushing's syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) . Mar;60(3):350-7 (2004)
• Verhaeghe J, van Bree R, Lambin S, Caluwaerts S . Adipokine profile and C-reactive protein in pregnancy: effects of glucose challenge response versus body mass index. J Soc Gynecol Investig . Jul;12(5):330-4 (2005)
• Lenchik L, Register TC, Hsu FC, Lohman K, Nicklas BJ, Freedman BI, Langefeld CD, Carr JJ, Bowden DW. Adiponectin as a novel determinant of bone mineral density and visceral fat. Bone . Oct;33(4):646-51 (2003)
• Stejskal D, Ruzicka V, Adamovska S, Jurakova R, Proskova J, Jedelsky L, Bartek J . Adiponectin concentrations as a criterion of metabolic control in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus?. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub . Dec;147(2):167-72 (2003)
• Kalousova M, Sulkova S, Zima T, Deppisch R, Beck W, Bednarova V, Fortova M, Tesar V . Advanced glycation end products in hemodialyzed patients with diabetes mellitus correlate with leptin and leptin/body fat ratio. Ren Fail . Mar;25(2):277-86 (2003)
• Yannakoulia M, Yiannakouris N, Bluher S, Matalas AL, Klimis-Zacas D, Mantzoros CS. Body fat mass and macronutrient intake in relation to circulating soluble leptin receptor, free leptin index, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in healthy humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . Apr;88(4):1730-6 (2003)
• Mann DR, Johnson AO, Gimpel T, Castracane VD . Changes in circulating leptin, leptin receptor, and gonadal hormones from infancy until advanced age in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab Jul . Jul;88(7):3339-45 (2003)
• Zemanova M, Petruzelka L, Pazdrova G, Haluzik M, Novak F, Svobodnik A . Changes in leptin, leptin receptor and fatty acids levels during chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer. Cas Lek Cesk . 144(12):811-6 (2005)
• Shimizu H, Shimomura K, Negishi M, Masunaga M, Uehara Y, Sato N, Shimomura Y, Kasai K, Mori M . Circulating concentrations of soluble leptin receptor: influence of menstrual cycle and diet therapy. Nutrition . 18(4):309-12 (2002)
• Stejskal D, Bartek J, Ruzicka V, Stejskal P, Jedelsky L, Oral I, Horalik D, Zurek M . Determination of leptin receptor in the serum and relations to laboratory and anthropological parameters in patients with atherosclerotic complications. Acta Univ Palacki Olomouc Fac Med . 142:89-92 (1999)
• Presle N, Pottie P, Dumond H, Guillaume C, Lapicque F, Pallu S, Mainard D, Netter P, Terlain B . Differential distribution of adipokines between serum and synovial fluid in patients with osteoarthritis. Contribution of joint tissues to their articular production. Osteoarthritis Cartilage . Jul;14(7):690-5 (2006)
• Gavrila A, Peng CK, Chan JL, Mietus JE, Goldberger AL, Mantzoros CS. Diurnal and ultradian dynamics of serum adiponectin in healthy men: comparison with leptin, circulating soluble leptin receptor, and cortisol patterns. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . Jun;88(6):2838-43 (2003)
• Wolfe BE, Jimerson DC, Orlova C, Mantzoros CS . Effect of dieting on plasma leptin, soluble leptin receptor, adiponectin and resistin levels in healthy volunteers. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) . Sep;61(3):332-8 (2004)
• Meier U, Gressner AM . Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism: review of pathobiochemical and clinical chemical aspects of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin. Clin Chem . Sep;50(9):1511-25 (2004)
• Tsiotra PC, Pappa V, Koukourava A, Economopoulos T, Tsigos C, Raptis SA . Expression of leptin receptors in mononuclear cells from myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemias. Acta Haematol . 114(2):71-7 (2005)
• Proto C, Romualdi D, Cento RM, Romano C, Campagna G, Lanzone A . Free and total leptin serum levels and soluble leptin receptors levels in two models of genetic obesity: the Prader-Willi and the Down syndromes. Metabolism . Aug;56(8):1076-80 (2007)
• Nuamah MA, Sagawa N, Yura S, Mise H, Itoh H, Ogawa Y, Nakao K, Fujii S . Free-to-total leptin ratio in maternal plasma is constant throughout human pregnancy. Endocr J . Aug;50(4):421-8 (2003)
• Papadopoulos DP, Makris TK, Krespi PG, Poulakou M, Paizis IA, Hatzizacharias AN, Perrea D, Votteas VV . Human soluble leptin receptor number in healthy normotensive individuals with high normal blood pressure. Am J Hypertens . Jul;18(7):1001-4 (2005)
• Anderson PD, Mehta NN, Wolfe ML, Hinkle CC, Pruscino L, Comiskey LL, Tabita-Martinez J, Sellers KF, Rickels MR, Ahima RS, Reilly MP . Innate immunity modulates adipokines in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . Jun;92(6):2272-9 (2007)
• Chatzantoni K, Papathanassopoulos P, Gourzoulidou E, Mouzaki A . Leptin and its soluble receptor in plasma of patients suffering from remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) In vitro effects of leptin on type-1 and type-2 cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, T-cells and monocytes of MS patients. J Autoimmun . Sep;23(2):169-77 (2004)
• Welt CK, Schneyer AL, Heist K, Mantzoros CS . Leptin and soluble leptin receptor in follicular fluid. J Assist Reprod Genet . Dec;20(12):495-501 (2003)
• van Dielen FM, van 't Veer C, Buurman WA, Greve JW . Leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels in obese and weight-losing individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 87(4):1708-16 (2002)
• Dostalova I, Kopsky V, Duskova J, Papezova H, Pacak K, Nedvidkova J . Leptin concentrations in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with anorexia nervosa assessed by in vivo microdialysis. Regul Pept . May 15;128(1):63-8 (2005)
• Hoefle G, Saely CH, Risch L, Rein P, Koch L, Schmid F, Aczel S, Marte T, Langer P, Drexel H . Leptin, leptin soluble receptor and coronary atherosclerosis. Eur J Clin Invest . Aug;37(8):629-36 (2007)
• Buyan N, Ozkaya O, Bideci A, Soylemezoglu O, Cinaz P, Gonen S, Kalman S, Bakkaloglu S, Hasanoglu E. Leptin, soluble leptin receptor, and transforming growth factor-beta1 levels in minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. Jul;29(8) (2003)
• Lahlou N, Issad T, Lebouc Y, Carel JC, Camoin L, Roger M, Girard J. Mutations in the human leptin and leptin receptor genes as models of serum leptin receptor regulation. Diabetes . 51(6):1980-5 (2002)
• Martos-Moreno GA, Barrios V, Argente J . Normative data for adiponectin, resistin, interleukin 6, and leptin/receptor ratio in a healthy Spanish pediatric population: relationship with sex steroids. Eur J Endocrinol . Sep;155(3):429-34 (2006)
• Teplan V, Schuck O, Stollova M, Vitko S . Obesity and hyperhomocysteinaemia after kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant . Jul;18 Suppl 5:v71-3 (2003)
• Ogier V, Ziegler O, Mejean L, Nicolas JP, Stricker-Krongrad A. Obesity is associated with decreasing levels of the circulating soluble leptin receptor in humans. Int J Obesity . 26(4):496-503 (2002)
• Monteleone P, Fabrazzo M, Tortorella A, Fuschino A, Maj M. Opposite modifications in circulating leptin and soluble leptin receptor across the eating disorder spectrum. Mol Psychiatry . 7(6):641-6 (2002)
• Krsek M, Rosicka M, Haluzik M, Svobodova J, Kotrlikova E, Justova V, Lacinova Z, Jarkovska Z . Plasma ghrelin levels in patients with short bowel syndrome. Endocr Res . Feb-May;28(1-2):27-33 (2002)
• Jarkovska Z, Hodkova M, Sazamova M, Rosicka M, Dusilova-Sulkova S, Marek J, Justova V, Lacinova Z, Haluzik M, Haas T, Krsek M . Plasma levels of active and total ghrelin in renal failure: a relationship with GH/IGF-I axis. Growth Horm IGF Res . Dec;15(6):369-76 (2005)
• Paul G, Schaffler A, Neumeier M, Furst A, Bataillle F, Buechler C, Muller-Ladner U, Scholmerich J, Rogler G, Herfarth H . Profiling adipocytokine secretion from creeping fat in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis . Jun;12(6):471-7 (2006)
• Chan JL, Blüher S, Yiannakouris N, Suchard MA, Kratzsch J, Mantzoros CS . Regulation of Circulating Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels By Gender, Adiposity, Sex Steroids, and Leptin. Observational and Interventional Studies in Humans. Diabetes . 51(7):2105-2112 (2002)
• Popruk S, Tungtrongchitr R, Pongpaew P, Phonrat B, Tungtongchitr A, Tribunyatkul S, Paksanont S, Vudhivai N, Schelp FP . Relationship between soluble leptin receptor, leptin, lipid profiles and anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese Thai subjects. J Med Assoc Thai . Feb;88(2):220-7 (2005)
• Kado N, Kitawaki J, Koshiba H, Ishihara H, Kitaoka Y, Teramoto M, Honjo H . Relationships between the serum levels of soluble leptin receptor and free and bound leptin in non-pregnant women of reproductive age and women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Hum Reprod . Apr;18(4):715-20 (2003)
• Housova J, Anderlova K, Krizova J, Haluzikova D, Kremen J, Kumstyrova T, Papezova H, Haluzik M . Serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations in patients with restrictive and binge/purge form of anorexia nervosa and buliminia nervosa. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . Dec 14 (2004) [Epub ahead of print]
• Rosicka M, Krsek M, Matoulek M, Jarkovska Z, Marek J, Justova V V, Lacinova Z . Serum ghrelin levels in obese patients: the relationship to serum leptin levels and soluble leptin receptors levels. Physiol Res . Feb;52(1):61-66 (2003)
• Malincikova J, Stejskal D, Hrebicek J . Serum leptin and leptin receptors in healthy prepubertal children: relations to insulin resistance and lipid parameters, body mass index (BMI), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), heart fatty acid binding protein (hFABP), and IgG anticardiolipin. Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Fac Med . 143:51-7 (2000)
• Szalay F, Folhoffer A, Horvath A, Csak T, Speer G, Nagy Z, Lakatos P, Horvath C, Habior A, Tornai I, Lakatos PL . Serum leptin, soluble leptin receptor, free leptin index and bone mineral density in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol . Sep;17(9):923-8 (2005)
• Nuamah MA, Yura SA, Sagawa NA, Itoh H, Miese H, Korita D, Kakui K, Takemura M, Ogawa Y, Nakao K, Fujii S . Significant increase in maternal plasma leptin concentration in induced delivery: a possible contribution of pro-inflammatory cytokines to placental leptin secretion. Endocr J . Apr;51(2):177-87 (2004)
• Manzella D, Parillo M, Razzino T, Gnasso P, Buonanno S, Gargiulo A, Caputi M, Paolisso G . Soluble leptin receptor and insulin resistance as determinant of sleep apnea. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord . 26(3):370-5 (2002)
• Sandhofer A, Laimer M, Ebenbichler CF, Kaser S, Paulweber B, Patsch JR. Soluble leptin receptor and soluble receptor-bound fraction of leptin in the metabolic syndrome. Obes Res . Jun;11(6):760-8 (2003)
• Krizova J, Sulkova S, Bednarova V, Parizkova J, Kotrlikova E, Haluzik M . Soluble leptin receptor levels in patients with chronic renal failure. Physiol Res . 52(3):347-351 (2003)
• Pecoits-Filho R, Nordfors L, Heimburger O, Lindholm B, Anderstam B, Marchlewska A, Stenvinkel P. Soluble leptin receptors and serum leptin in end-stage renal disease: relationship with inflammation and body composition. Eur J Clin Invest Nov . 32(11):811-7 (2002)
• Stejskal D, Svoboda I . StanovenÝ koncentrace solubilnÝho leptinovÚho receptoru (Ob-Re) pomocÝ novÚ metody ELISA. Chem Listy . 809-812 (2006)
• Yiannakouris N, Melistas L, Yannakoulia M, Mungal K, Mantzoros CS . The -2548G/A polymorphism in the human leptin gene promoter region is associated with plasma free leptin levels@@@ interaction with adiposity and gender in healthy subjects. Hormones . 2(4):229-236 (2003)
• Haluzik M, Markova M, Slaby JJ, Jiskra J, Krizova J, Hass T . The changes of serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels in patients undergoing mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells before autologous stem cells transplantation. Endocr Res . Aug;28(3):189-97 (2002)
• Kalman S, Buyan N, Bayazit AK, Bideci A, Bakkaloglu S, ozkaya O, Soylemezoglu O . The role of leptin and soluble leptin receptor on the nutritional parameters in pediatric CPD patients. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation . Volume 18 Supplement 4 June 2003
• Laimer M, Ebenbichler CF, Kaser S, Sandhofer A, Weiss A, Nehoda H, Aigner F, Patsch JR . Weight Loss Increases Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels and the Soluble Receptor Bound Fraction of Leptin. Obesity Research . 10(7):597-601 (2002)

References to summary

• Lahlou N. et al.: Soluble leptin receptor in serum of subjects with complete resistance to leptin: Diabetes; 19:1347–1352 (2000)
• Auwerx J. and Staels B.: Leptin (Review article). The Lancet; 13:737 (1998)
• Chen H. et al.: Evidence that the diabetes gene encodes the leptin receptor: identification of a mutation in the leptin receptor gene in db/db mice. Cell; 84:491–495 (1996)
• Ciofii J. A. et al.: Novel B219/OB receptor isoforms: possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction. Nature Med.; 2:585–589 (1996)
• Houseknecht K. L. and Portocarrero C. P.: Leptin and its receptors: Regulators of whole body energy homeostasis. Domestic animal endocrinology; 15 (6):457–475 (1998)
• Lee G.H. et al.: Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Nature; 379:632–635 (1996)
• Tartaglia L. A. et al.: Identification and Expresion Cloning of a Leptin Receptor, OB-R. Cell; 83:1263–1271 (1995)
• Tartaglia L. A.: The leptin receptor. J. Biol. Chem.; 272:6093–6096 (1997)