S100B Human ELISA

Research topic

Neural tissue damage markers

Features

• The total assay time is about five hours.
• The kit measures total serum, cerebrospinal fluid or heparin plasma S100B.
• Quality controls are human serum based. Animal serum is used for Dilution Buffer preparation.
• The components are ready-to-use (with the exception of calibrators, quality controls and wash solution).

Storage/Shipping

Store the kit at 2–8°C. Under these conditions, the kit is stable until the expiration date (see label on the box).

Summary

S-100B protein is a member of highly homologous acidic calcium and zinc binding proteins family (S100 family) that possess two EF-hand motifs. S100B is a  homodimer with the molecular weight 21 kDa. S100B is abundant in the nervous system where it is predominantly expressed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. S100B is released from brain tissue into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood following brain damage of different origin, i.e., brain infarction, intracerebral or subarachnoidal hemorrhage, neurotrauma and large intracerebral tumors. It is documented a relationship between degree of cell damage and S100B levels in CSF. Also patients with progressive melanoma disease show elevated serum concentrations of S100B.

Assay format

Sandwich ELISA, HRP-labelled antibody

Sample requirements

25 µl/well

Applications

Cell culture medium, Cerebrospinal fluid, Plasma-Heparin, Serum

Calibration Curve

Calibration range

0.05 – 2 ng/ml

Limit of detection

Analytical Limit of Detection is calculated from the real S100B values in wells and is 5pg/ml

Limit of quantification

Assay Sensitivity takes the dilution of samples into consideration and is calculated according to the formula: Assay Sensitivity = Analytical Limit of Detection x sample dilution = 5pg/ml x 4 = 20pg/ml

Intra-assay (Within-Run, n=7)

CV = 4.27 %

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run, n=5)

CV = 4.1 %

Spiking Recovery

98.4 %

Dilution Linearity

102.2 %

Cross-Reactivity

Human, Bovine, Cat, Goat, Hamster, Pig, Rabbit, Rat

References to this product

• Friel LA, Romero R, Edwin S, Nien JK, Gomez R, Chaiworapongsa T, Kusanovic JP, Tolosa JE, Hassan SS, Espinoza J. The calcium binding protein, S100B, is increased in the amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and preterm labor with intact or ruptured membranes. J Perinat Med. 2007;35 (5):385-93

References to summary

• Zimmer, D.B, Cornwall, E.H., Landar, A. and Song, W.: The S100 Protein Family: History, Function, and Expression. Brain Research Bulletin. 37 (4), 417–429 (1995)
• Kärnell R. et al: S100B Protein, 5-S-Cysteinyldopa and 6-Hydroxy-5-Methoxyindole-2-Carboxylic Acid as Biochemical Markers for Survival Prognosis in Patients with Malignant Melanoma. Melanoma Research 7, 393–399 (1997)
• Jönsson H. et al: S100ı After Coronary Artery Surgery: Release Pattern, Source of Contamination, and Relation to Neuropsychological Outcome. Ann Thorac Surg. 68, 2202–2208 (1999)
• Hauschild A. et al: S100B Protein Detection in Serum Is a Significant Prognostic Factor in Metastatic Melanoma. Oncology 56, 338–344 (1999)
• Donato R: S100: a Multigenic Family of Calcium-Modulated Proteins of the EF-Hand Type with Intracellular and Extracellular Functional Roles. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 33(7), 637–68 (2001)
• Reynolds M.A. et al: Early Biomarkers of Stroke. Clinical Chemistry 49:10, 1733–1739 (2003)
• Johnsson P et al: Increased S100B in Blood After Cardiac Surgery Is a Powerful Predictor of Late Mortality. Ann Thorac Surg 75, 162–168 (2003)
• Beems T. et al: Serum- and CSF-concentrations of Brain Specific Proteins in Hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir 145, 37–43 (2003)
• Gazzolo D et al: S100B protein in urine of preterm newborns with ominous outcome. Pediatr Res. 2005 Dec;58(6):1170–4.
• Fernandez-Fernandez MR et al: Proteins of the S100 family regulate the oligomerization of p53 tumor suppressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005 Mar 29; 102(13):4735–40.
• Delgado P et al: Plasma S100B level after acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2006 Nov;37(1­1):2837–9.
• Ralay Ranaivo H et al: Glia as a therapeutic target: selective suppression of human amyloid-beta-induced upregulation of brain proinflammatory cytokine production attenuates neurodegeneration. J Neurosci. 2006 Jan 11;26(2):662–70.
• Sanchez-Juan P et al: CSF tests in the differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology. 2006 Aug 22;67(4):637–43.
• Steiner J et al: Increased cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels of S100B in first-onset schizophrenia are not related to a degenerative release of glial fibrillar acidic protein, myelin basic protein and neurone-specific enolase from glia or neurones. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 Nov;77(1­1):1284–7.
• Steiner J et al: Evidence for a wide extra-astrocytic distribution of S100B in human brain. BMC Neurosci. 2007 Jan 2;8:2.