sL-Selectin Human ELISA

Notice

Restriction of a minimal quantity of 5 kits per order may apply.

Research topic

Cell adhesion proteins

Storage/Shipping

Store kit reagents between 2° and 8°C. Immediately after use remaining reagents should be returned to cold storage (2° to 8°C).

Summary

Determination of soluble/circulating L-selectin could provide more detailed insights into the pathological modifications during various diseases:

• allergy: L-selectin expression is down-modulated on eosinophils recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after allergen provocation.
• bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL): BAL transiently promotes PMN/monocyte activation and recruitment to the bronchoalveolar space. The cells respond with a complete shedding of L-selectin when they extravasate from the blood into the bronchoalveolar spa­ce.
• deep venous thrombosis (DVT): A case can be made for the participation of PMN's in the initiation and propagation of venous thrombosis. Probably via L-selectin leukocytes adhere to areas of veins that serve as sites for initiation of thrombi.
• HIV: patients suffering from HIV-infection showed markedly elevated levels of sL-selectin in serum.
• insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): serum levels of L-selectin were found to be elevated in IDDM patients and in subjects at risk for developing IDDM.
• Kawasaki Syndrome: sL-selectin levels seem to be less than those of normals.
• malignant B-cell populations: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, hairy cell leukaemia and mantle zone lymphoma are L-selectin positive.
• neonatal bacterial infection: in case of intra-uterine infection lymphocytes obtained from cord blood have a diminished L-selectin expression. This is independent of gestational age, birth weight, umbilical artery pH, hematocrit, leukocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, CRP-level or maternal fever .
• sepsis: patients suffering from sepsis showed markedly elevated levels of sL-selectin in serum. Vascular endothelial injury observed in overwhelming sepsis may be caused by neutrophil-derived enzymes. Adherence to endothelium is a prerequisite for this process. Measurement of sL-selectin may provide further insights into the interrelationship between neutrophil activation and endothelial damage in gram-negative sepsis.
• surgery: patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery may develop an acute post-operative capillary leak, due to endothelial injury inflicted by adherent neutrophils. In those patients L-selectin is completely lost in a small but progressively increasing proportion of PMN's, which could be responsible for the endothelial damage.

Assay format

Sandwich ELISA, HRP-labelled antibody

Sample requirements

50 µl (1:100 prediluted)

Applications

Cell culture supernatant, Serum

Calibration Curve

Calibration range

0.39–25 ng/ml

Limit of detection

0.19 ng/ml

Limit of quantification

38 ng/ml

Intra-assay

CV = 3.7 %

Inter-assay

CV = 4.2 %

Spiking Recovery

99 %

Dilution Linearity

89.1 %

References to summary

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• Smith CW, Kishimoto TK, Abbassi O, Hughes B, Rothlein R, McIntire LV, Butcher E, Anderson DC. Chemotactic factors regulate lectin adhesion molecule 1 (LECAM-1)-dependent neutrophil adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1991 Feb;87 (2):609-18
• Klein NJ, Levin M, Strobel S, Finn A. Degradation of glycosaminoglycans and fibronectin on endotoxin-stimulated endothelium by adherent neutrophils: relationship to CD11b/CD18 and L-selectin expression. J Infect Dis. 1993 Apr;167 (4):890-8
• Klein NJ, Levin M, Strobel S, Finn A. Degradation of glycosaminoglycans and fibronectin on endotoxin-stimulated endothelium by adherent neutrophils: relationship to CD11b/CD18 and L-selectin expression. J Infect Dis. 1993 Apr;167 (4):890-8
• Buhrer C, Luxenburger U, Metze B, Kattner E, Henze G, Dudenhausen JW, Obladen M. Diminished cord blood lymphocyte L-selectin expression in neonatal bacterial infection. Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Jun;152 (6):519-22
• Mengelers HJ, Maikoe T, Hooibrink B, Kuypers TW, Kreukniet J, Lammers JW, Koenderman L. Down modulation of L-Selectin expression on eosinophils recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after allergen provocation. Clin Exp Allergy. 1993 Mar;23 (3):196-204
• Lampeter ER, Kishimoto TK, Rothlein R, Mainolfi EA, Bertrams J, Kolb H, Martin S. Elevated levels of circulating adhesion molecules in IDDM patients and in subjects at risk for IDDM. Diabetes. 1992 Dec;41 (12):1668-71
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• Tozeren A, Ley K. How do selectins mediate leukocyte rolling in venules?. Biophys J. 1992 Sep;63 (3):700-9
• Von Andrian UH, Hansell P, Chambers JD, Berger EM, Torres Filho I, Butcher EC, Arfors KE. L-selectin function is required for beta 2-integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion at physiological shear rates in vivo. Am J Physiol. 1992 Oct;263 (4 Pt 2):H1034-44
• Lasky LA. Lectin cell adhesion molecules (LEC-CAMs): a new family of cell adhesion proteins involved with inflammation. J Cell Biochem. 1991 Feb;45 (2):139-46
• Jutila MA, Kishimoto TK, Finken M. Low-dose chymotrypsin treatment inhibits neutrophil migration into sites of inflammation in vivo: effects on Mac-1 and MEL-14 adhesion protein expression and function. Cell Immunol. 1991 Jan;132 (1):201-14
• Kishimoto TK, Jutila MA, Berg EL, Butcher EC. Neutrophil Mac-1 and MEL-14 adhesion proteins inversely regulated by chemotactic factors. Science. 1989 Sep 15;245 (4923):1238-41
• Stewart GJ. Neutrophils and deep venous thrombosis. Haemostasis. 1993 Mar;23 Suppl 1:127-40
• Hogg N. Roll, roll, roll your leucocyte gently down the vein.... Immunol Today. 1992 Apr;13 (4):113-5
• Schleiffenbaum B, Spertini O, Tedder TF. Soluble L-selectin is present in human plasma at high levels and retains functional activity. J Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;119 (1):229-38
• Foxall C, Watson SR, Dowbenko D, Fennie C, Lasky LA, Kiso M, Hasegawa A, Asa D, Brandley BK. The three members of the selectin receptor family recognize a common carbohydrate epitope, the sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide. J Cell Biol. 1992 May;117 (4):895-902
• Moller P, Eichelmann A, Leithauser F, Mechtersheimer G, Otto HF. Venular endothelium binding molecules CD44 and LECAM-1 in normal and malignant B-cell populations. A comparative study. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Hi. 1992;421 (4):305-13