Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Human

Introduction to the Molecule

Sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a β-globulin that specifically binds steroid hormones. Its molecular weight is 86 kDa/mol. The major site of SHBG synthesis is thought to be the hepatocytes. Its production is regulated by androgen/estrogen balance, thyroid hormones, insulin and dietary factors, among others. SHBG is involved in the transport of sex steroids in plasma. Its concentration is a major factor regulating their distribution between protein-bound and free states. Determination of SHBG concentration is mainly of importance in the evaluation of mild disorders of androgen metabolism and it allows identification of women with hirsutism who are likely to respond to estrogen therapy. Testosterone/SHBG-ratios correlate well with both measured and calculated values for free testosterone, and help to discriminate between subjects with excessive androgen activity and normal individuals.

Research topic

Reproduction, Steroid hormones

Description

Total 428 AA. MW: 46.79 kDa (calculated). Secreted protein, C-Terminal His-tag + myc-epitope (highlighted)

Amino Acid Sequence

Source

CHO

Formulation

Frozen, stabilized and concentrated medium

Reconstitution

Defrost at ambient temperature to obtain solution containing 500 nmol/L of SHBG protein (total content of 1 mg protein)

Storage, Stability/Shelf Life

Store frozen at –20°C. Frozen protein remains stable until the expiry date. Repeated thaw/freezing cycles have no influence on stability. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for one week.

Quality Control Test

SDS-PAGE, ELISA detemination for concentration verification.

Applications

ELISA standard, Standard for Immunoanalytical methods

References

• Anderson DC. Sex-hormone-binding globulin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1974 Jan;3 (1):69-96
• Bulbrook RD, Moore JW. The epidemiology and function of sex hormone-binding globulin. Oxf Rev Reprod Biol. 1988;10:180-236
• Campbell JA, Lobl TJ, Tindall DJ, Cunningham GR, Means AR. Steroid structural requirements for high affinity binding to human sex steroid binding protein (SBP). Steroids. 1981 Sep;38 (3):243-62
• Forbes KL, Dowsett M, Jeffcoate SL, Rose GL, Mudge JE. A comparison of the effects of danazol and gestrinone on testosterone binding to sex hormone binding globulin in vitro and in vivo. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1986 May;24 (5):555-63
• Iqbal MJ, Johnson MW. Purification and characterization of human sex hormone binding globulin. J Steroid Biochem. 1979 May;10 (5):535-40
• Ismail AA, Astley P, Cawood M, Short F, Wakelin K, Wheeler M. Testosterone assays: guidelines for the provision of a clinical biochemistry service. Ann Clin Biochem. 1986 Mar;23 ( Pt 2):135-45
• Jensen HK, Ahrentsen OD, Johnsen SG. Sex-hormone-binding globulin deficiency. Lancet. 1982 Aug 14;2 (8294):377
• Longcope C, Johnston CC Jr, Hui SL. Free estradiol, free testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin in perimenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 Mar;64 (3):513-8
• Reed MJ, Cheng RW, Simmonds M, Richmond W, James VH. Dietary lipids: an additional regulator of plasma levels of sex hormone binding globulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 May;64 (5):1083-5
• Rittmaster RS, Loriaux DL. Hirsutism. Ann Intern Med. 1987 Jan;106 (1):95-107
• Rivarola MA, Belgorosky A. Progressive increase in non-sex-hormone-binding globulin-bound testosterone from infancy to late prepuberty in boys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 Mar;64 (3):482-5
• Rosner W. A simplified method for the quantitative determination of testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin activity in human plasma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1972 Jun;34 (6):983-8
• Selby C. Sex hormone binding globulin: origin, function and clinical significance. Ann Clin Biochem. 1990 Nov;27 ( Pt 6):532-41
• Smith RN, Rosner W. Isolation and characterization of the testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin from human plasma. Use of a novel affinity column. Biochemistry. 1975 Nov 4;14 (22):4813-20
• Verdonck L, Ando S, Vermeulen A. Prolactinomas, testosterone-binding globulin, and androgen metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982 Feb;54 (2):409-12
• Victor A, Odlind V, Elamsson K, Englund DE, Johansson ED. Effects of oestradiol on sex hormone binding globulin. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1982 Oct;101 (2):248-53
• von Schoultz B, Carlstrom K. On the regulation of sex-hormone-binding globulin--a challenge of an old dogma and outlines of an alternative mechanism. J Steroid Biochem. 1989 Feb;32 (2):327-34

By research topic:

• Reproduction
• Steroid hormones

By molecule:

• Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin