The kit measures hsa-piR-5937 isolated from human blood
Assay format is 96 wells
Standard is synthetic piRNA-based
Components of the kit are provided ready to use, concentrated or dried
Research topic
Oncology
Summary
PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules of approximately 24–32 nucleotides in length that often bind to members of the piwi protein family to play regulatory roles. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that in addition to the mammalian germline, piRNAs are also expressed in a tissue-specific manner in a variety of human tissues and modulate key signaling pathways at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. piRNAs have been shown to participate in the epigenetic regulation of cancer and other diseases and are key elements of cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, they play an important role in tumor formation, proliferation, and migration of the cells. Similar to miRNAs, piRNAs posttranscriptional regulation occurs in the cytoplasm. Numerous studies have suggested that piRNA and PIWI proteins, which are abnormally expressed in various cancers, may serve as novel promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumor diagnostics and treatment.
Based on the levels of piR-5937 and piR-28876, it was possible to differentiate between cancer patients and healthy donors with high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, both piRNAs exhibited satisfactory diagnostic performance also in patients with stage I disease and enabled detection of colon cancer with higher sensitivity than currently used biomarkers CEA and CA19-9.
Summary References (4)
References to piR-5937
Esteller M: Non-coding RNAs in human disease. Nat Rev Genet 2011; 12:861–74.
Huang G, Hu H, Xue X, Shen S, Gao E, Guo G et al.: Altered expression of piRNAs and their relation with clinicopathologic features of breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2013; 15:563–8.
Cheng J, Guo J-M, Xiao B-X, Miao Y, Jiang Z, Zhou H et al.: piRNA, the new non-coding RNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancer cells. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:1621–5.
Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Stitkovcova K, Radova L, Sachlova M, Kosarova Z, Slaba K, Kala Z, Svoboda M, Kiss I, Vyzula R, Cho WC and Slaby O: Circulating PIWI-Interacting RNAs piR-5937 and piR-28876 Are Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers of Colon Cancer. CancerEpidemiology,Biomarkers& Prevention 2018; 27(9):1019-1028.
