LECT2 Human ELISA

Features

• It is intended for research use only
• The total assay time is less than 3,5 hours
• The kit measures human LECT2 in serum and plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin)
• Assay format is 96 wells
• Standard is recombinant protein based
• Components of the kit are provided ready to use, concentrated or lyophilized

Research topic

Cytokines and chemokines and related molecules, Diabetology - Other Relevant Products , Energy metabolism and body weight regulation, Oncology

Summary

Leukocyte cell–derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a secretory protein originally identified in the process of screening for a novel neutrophil chemotactic protein. Although the original characterization of LECT2 proved to be of bovine origin from the fetal calf serum used in media, these studies led to the cloning and structural characterization of the human analogue. The human LECT2 gene consists of four exons and three introns. It has been mapped to chromosome 5q31.1-q32, a cluster harboring several genes encoding immunoregulatory cytokines. The gene codes for 151 amino acids (MW 16.38 kDa) including an 18 amino acid signal peptide. The secreted protein has 133 residues. LECT2 is expressed preferentially by human adult and fetal liver cells and is secreted into the bloodstream, which negatively regulates the homeostasis of natural killer T cells in the liver. It is a multi-functional protein that is involved in chemotaxis, cell proliferation, inflammation, immunomodulation and carcinogenesis. Along with neutrophil chemotactic properties, it is also believed that LECT2 plays a role in tissue growth and repair following damage. LECT2 is involved in many pathologic conditions. It has been identified as one of the proteins associated with human systemic amyloidosis. Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is one of the amyloidosis forms, which most commonly affects the kidney and liver primarily in people of Hispanic ethnicity. Studies report that LECT2 may function in immunological events such as hepatitis and arthritis, hepatocarcinogenesis, and the negative regulation of the Wnt receptor signalling pathway in the small intestine. LECT2 significantly induces adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells, suggesting that such liver-derived hepatokine might directly mediate atherosclerotic inflammatory reactions in human endothelial cells. Recent studies indicate the possible involvement of LECT2 in metabolic diseases and suggest that LECT2 could be a novel obesity-related protein. Serum LECT2 levels were found to be increased by obesity and fatty liver, and LECT2 was shown to be a link between obesity and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Circulating LECT2 positively correlates with the severity of both obesity and insulin resistance in humans. LECT2 could potentially be a key player in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It was shown that re-expression of LECT2 significantly reduced the migration and invasion of human HCC cells in vitro and significantly reduced their growth in vivo.

References to LECT2

• Benson MD, James S, Scott K, Liepnieks JJ, Kluve-Beckerman B. Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2: A novel renal amyloid protein. Kidney Int. 2008 Jul;74 (2):218-22
• Hwang HJ, Jung TW, Hong HC, Seo JA, Kim SG, Kim NH, Choi KM, Choi DS, Baik SH, Yoo HJ. LECT2 induces atherosclerotic inflammatory reaction via CD209 receptor-mediated JNK phosphorylation in human endothelial cells. Metabolism. 2015 Sep;64 (9):1175-82
• Khalighi MA, Yue A, Hwang MT, Wallace WD. Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 (LECT2) amyloidosis presenting as pulmonary-renal syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Kidney J. 2013 Dec;6 (6):618-21
• Lan F, Misu H, Chikamoto K, Takayama H, Kikuchi A, Mohri K, Takata N, Hayashi H, Matsuzawa-Nagata N, Takeshita Y, Noda H, Matsumoto Y, Ota T, Nagano T, Nakagen M, Miyamoto K, Takatsuki K, Seo T, Iwayama K, Tokuyama K, Matsugo S, Tang H, Saito Y, Yamagoe S, Kaneko S, Takamura T. LECT2 functions as a hepatokine that links obesity to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2014 May;63 (5):1649-64
• Larsen CP, Ismail W, Kurtin PJ, Vrana JA, Dasari S, Nasr SH. Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a common form of renal amyloidosis among Egyptians. Mod Pathol. 2016 Apr;29 (4):416-20
• Mereuta OM, Theis JD, Vrana JA, Law ME, Grogg KL, Dasari S, Chandan VS, Wu TT, Jimenez-Zepeda VH, Fonseca R, Dispenzieri A, Kurtin PJ, Dogan A. Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2)-associated amyloidosis is a frequent cause of hepatic amyloidosis in the United States. Blood. 2014 Mar 06;123 (10):1479-82
• Nasr SH, Dogan A, Larsen CP. Leukocyte Cell-Derived Chemotaxin 2-Associated Amyloidosis: A Recently Recognized Disease with Distinct Clinicopathologic Characteristics. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Nov 06;10 (11):2084-93
• Okumura A, Unoki-Kubota H, Matsushita Y, Shiga T, Moriyoshi Y, Yamagoe S, Kaburagi Y. Increased serum leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) levels in obesity and fatty liver. Biosci Trends. 2013 Dec;7 (6):276-83
• Ong HT, Tan PK, Wang SM, Hian Low DT, Ooi LL, Hui KM. The tumor suppressor function of LECT2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma makes it a potential therapeutic target. Cancer Gene Ther. 2011 Jun;18 (6):399-406

By Research Topic

Cytokines and chemokines and related molecules
Diabetology - Other Relevant Products
Energy metabolism and body weight regulation
Oncology

By Molecule

LECT2