PROLACTIN ELISA

Cat. No.	Size	Price
DKO011	96 wells (1 kit)

Technical Data

Type

Sandwich ELISA

Applications

Serum

Sample Requirements

50 µl/well

Shipping

Shipped on ice packs. Upon receipt, store the product at the temperature recommended below.

Storage/Expiration

Store the complete kit at 2–8°C. Under these conditions, all components are stable until the expiration date (see label on the box).

Calibration Range

0 - 5 - 10 - 25 - 50 - 100 ng/mL

Limit of Detection

0.12 ng/mL

Intra-assay (Within-Run)

n=20
CV≤ 4.0%

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run)

n=10
CV≤ 5.5%

Spiking Recovery

97.2 - 106.0%

Dilution Linearity

92.4 - 112.0%

Note

The kits are CE-IVD certified and intended for professional use.

Summary

Features

European Union: for in vitro diagnostic use

Rest of the world: for research use only!

The total assay time is less than 1.5 hours

The kit measures prolactin in human serum

Assay format is 96 wells

Quality Control is ready to use

Calibrators are ready to use

For routine analysis

Research topic

Reproduction

Summary

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted by the Adenohypophysis (anterior Pituitary gland) and the placenta. It is also produced in other tissues including the breast and the decidua. Pituitary prolactin secretion is regulated by neuroendocrine neurons in the hypothalamus, most importantly by neurosecretory dopamine neurons of the arcuate nucleus, which inhibit prolactin secretion. Prolactin is present in several body fluids, including blood plasma, amniotic fluid, milk, mucosal secretions and cerebrospinal fluid. Prolactin has many effects, the most important of which is to stimulate the mammary glands to produce milk (lactation). Other possible functions of prolactin include the surfactant synthesis of the fetal lungs at the end of the pregnancy and immune tolerance of the foetus by the maternal organism during pregnancy. Prolactin may also have inhibitory effects on gonadal function when present in high concentrations. There is a diurnal cycle in prolactin secretion. During pregnancy, high circulating concentrations of estrogen promote prolactin production. The resulting high levels of prolactin secretion cause maturation of the mammary glands, preparing them for lactation. After childbirth, prolactin levels fall as the internal stimulus for them is removed. High prolactin levels also tend to suppress the ovulatory cycle by inhibiting the secretion of both FSH and GnRH. Prolactin levels may be checked as part of a sex hormone workup, as elevated prolactin secretion can suppress the secretion of FSH and GnRH, leading to hypogonadism, and sometimes causing erectile dysfunction in men. Elevations in plasma prolactin concentrations occur during ovulation, pregnancy, nursing and stress. Abnormal elevations in plasma prolactin levels (hyperprolactinemia) can occur as a result of pituitary adenomas, other anatomic and traumatic abnormalities, in response to certain pharmacologic agents and in hypothyroidism. Hypoprolactinemia (low prolactin levels) are observed in cases of hypopituitarism.

Summary References (25)

References to Prolactin

Allolio B, Hoeppener A, Leonhardt U, Deuss U, Winkelmann W. Size heterogeneity of immunoreactive prolactin in patients with prolactinoma. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1987 Apr;114 (4):475-82
Aubert ML, Grumbach MM, Kaplan SL. Heterologous radioimmunoassay for plasma human prolactin (hPRL); values in normal subjects, puberty, pregnancy and in pituitary disorders. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1974 Nov;77 (3):460-76
Bonhoff A, Vuille JC, Gomez F, Gellersen B. Identification of macroprolactin in a patient with asymptomatic hyperprolactinemia as a stable PRL-IgG complex. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1995;103 (4):252-5
Cavaco B, Leite V, Santos MA, Arranhado E, Sobrinho LG. Some forms of big big prolactin behave as a complex of monomeric prolactin with an immunoglobulin G in patients with macroprolactinemia or prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Aug;80 (8):2342-6
Cowden EA, Ratcliffe WA, Beastall GH, Ratcliffe JG. Laboratory assessment of prolactin status. Ann Clin Biochem. 1979 May;16 (3):113-21
Fahie-Wilson MN. Detection of macroprolactin causing hyperprolactinemia in commercial assays for prolactin. Clin Chem. 2000 Dec;46 (12):2022-3
Forsyth IA, Myres RP. Human prolactin. Evidence obtained by the bioassay of human plasma. J Endocrinol. 1971 Sep;51 (1):157-68
Frantz AG. Prolactin. N Engl J Med. 1978 Jan 26;298 (4):201-7
Friesen H, Guyda H, Hardy J. The biosynthesis of human growth hormone and prolactin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1970 Dec;31 (6):611-24
Friesen H, Guyda H, Hwang P. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate affects enzymes of glucose metabolism in red blood cells. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jul 7;232 (27):19-20
Friesen H, Hwang P. Human prolactin. Annu Rev Med. 1973;24:251-70
Hwang P, Guyda H, Friesen H. A radioimmunoassay for human prolactin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Aug;68 (8):1902-6
Hwang P, Guyda H, Friesen H. Purification of human prolactin. J Biol Chem. 1972 Apr 10;247 (7):1955-8
Jacobs LS, Snyder PJ, Wilber JF, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH. Increased serum prolactin after administration of synthetic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1971 Dec;33 (6):996-8
Kelly PA, Djiane J, Katoh M, Ferland LH, Houdebine LM, Teyssot B, Dusanter-Fourt I. The interaction of prolactin with its receptors in target tissues and its mechanism of action. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1984;40:379-439
Kelly PA, Posner BI, Tsushima T, Friesen HG. Studies of insulin, growth hormone and prolactin binding: ontogenesis, effects of sex and pregnancy. Endocrinology. 1974 Aug;95 (2):532-9
Kleinberg DL, Frantz AG. Human prolactin: measurement in plasma by in vitro bioassay. J Clin Invest. 1971 Aug;50 (8):1557-68
Lewis UJ, Singh RN, Seavey BK. Human prolactin: isolation and some properties. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971 Sep;44 (5):1169-76
Linzer DI, Nathans D. Nucleotide sequence of a growth-related mRNA encoding a member of the prolactin-growth hormone family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81 (14):4255-9
McLeod. RM. Regulation of Prolactin Secretion: In Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (Martin L. and Garrong N.F. eds). Raven Press. 164,1976;
Nikolics K, Mason AJ, Szonyi E, Ramachandran J, Seeburg PH. A prolactin-inhibiting factor within the precursor for human gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Nature. 1985 Aug 8-14;316 (6028):511-7
Rasmussen C, Bergh T, Wide L, Brownell J. CV 205-502: a new long-acting drug for inhibition of prolactin hypersecretion. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1987 Mar;26 (3):321-6
Reyes FI, Winter JS, Faiman C. Pituitary-ovarian relationships preceding the menopause. I. A cross-sectional study of serum follice-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone levels. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977 Nov 1;129 (5):557-64
Schneider W, Marcovitz S, Al-Shammari S, Yago S, Chevalier S. Reactivity of macroprolactin in common automated immunoassays. Clin Biochem. 2001 Sep;34 (6):469-73
Shiu RP, Iwasiow BM. Prolactin-inducible proteins

Docs

Instructions for Use (RUO)

Safety Information (RUO)

MSDS (RUO)

Product Brochure

CE IVD Assays