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Connective Tissue Growth Factor Human ELISA

  • Regulatory status:RUO
  • Type:Sandwich ELISA, Biotin-labelled antibody
  • Other names:Hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific protein 24, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 8, IGF-binding protein 8, IGFBP-8, IBP-8, CCN family member 2, CTGF, CCN2, HCS24
Cat. No. Size Price


RD191035200R 96 wells (1 kit) $590
PubMed Product Details
Technical Data

Type

Sandwich ELISA, Biotin-labelled antibody

Applications

Serum, Plasma-EDTA, Plasma-Heparin, Plasma-Citrate, Urine

Shipping

At ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at the temperature recommended below.

Storage/Expiration

Store the complete kit at 2–8°C. Under these conditions, the kit is stable until the expiration date (see label on the box).

Calibration Range

0.63 – 20 ng/ml

Limit of Detection

0.02 ng/ml

Intra-assay (Within-Run)

n = 8, CV = 2.9 %

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run)

n = 8, CV = 4.3 %

Spiking Recovery

99 %

Dilution Linearity

91 %

Summary

Features

  • It is intended for research use only
  • The total assay time is less than 3.5 hours-
  • The kit measures total CTGF in plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin), serum, and urine
  • Assay format is 96 wells
  • Standard is recombinant protein based
  • Components of the kit are provided ready to use, concentrated or lyophilized

Research topic

Apoptosis, Bone and cartilage metabolism, Cardiovascular disease, Coronary artery disease, Extracellular matrix, Oncology, Others, Pulmonary diseases, Renal disease, Animal studies

Summary

Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF, CCN2, HCS24, IGFBP8, NOV2) is a heparin-binding glycoprotein with molecular weight of 36–38 KDa, composed of 343–349 amino acid residues and belonging to the CCN family. The CCN family of proteins is a complex family of multifunctional proteins containing six members designated CCN1 to CCN6. CTGF/CCN2 is a secreted protein with major roles in angiogenesis, chondrogenesis (cartilage regeneration), osteogenesis, tissue repair, cancer and fibrosis (cell adhesion, migration and proliferation). The primary function of CTGF is to modulate and coordinate signaling responses involving cell surface proteoglycans and growth factors. Abnormal amplification of CTGF dependent signals results in failure to terminate tissue repair, leading to pathological scarring in conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. The role of CTGF in fibrogenesis suggests this protein as a potential fibrogenic marker, because CTGF expression is induced by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), which is the most important fibrogenic cytokine, and also, CTGF is expressed increasingly in major profibrogenic cell types (hepatocytes, biliary epithelial cells and hepatic stellate cells) during their transdifferentiation in extracellular matrix-producing myofibroblasts. The expression of CTGF is strongly upregulated in fibrotic liver tissue and CTGF is secreted into extracellular space, thus, it can reach the systemic circulation directly. The mean concentration of CTGF was the highest in serum of patients with fibrosis and chronic viral hepatitis, but lower in patients with fully developed cirrhosis. The data confirm hypothesis that CTGF increases in the circulation of patients with active, fibrogenic liver diseases. No statistical relations between CTGF levels and parameters of liver injury (AST, ALT) were noticed, but CTGF levels in serum are correlated negatively with serum albumin levels and platelet counts. CTGF was reported to be associated with and released by platelets during the coagulation process. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, CTGF concentrations decreased with tumor progression and size. Increase in CTGF concetration in plasma, serum and urine have been suggested as a surrogate marker of fibrotic disease activity in scleroderma, pulmonary fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy (DN) and glomerulosclerosis. CTGF appears to be an important growth factor implicated in the development of diabetes complications. Plasma CTGF-N (NH2-terminal fragment) concentrations are elevated in type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy and correlate with proteinuria and creatinine clearance. In the previous study it was found that the presence of CTGF in urine and the relationship to diabetes and renal disease in an experimental animal model (rats). Low levels of urinary CTGF were found in healthy rats, but higher levels were found in diabetic animals. In DN patients, urinary CTGF (uCTGF) was independently associated with markers of proximal and distal tubular dysfunction and damage. Urinary CTGF levels in nephropathy may indicate the patients who are destined for progressive glomerulosclerosis and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In conclusion, uCTGF in DN patients is elevated as a result of both increased local production and reduced reabsorption due to tubular dysfunction. It was observed that serum CTGF levels were significantly higher in non-renal systemic lupus erythematosus and correlated with chronic renal interstitial injury and doubling of serum creatinine in patients with lupus nephritis. CTGF was the most abundantly expressed growth factor present in chondrocytes of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). CTGF was detected in plasma and synovial fluid of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and positively correlated with radiographic grading of knee OA. Results of several studies suggest that myocardial CTGF/CCN2 is upregulated in heart failure of both ischemic and non-ischemic etiologies in experimental models as well as humans. Plasma CTGF levels have also been reported to be elevated in heart failure patients and correlated with NYHA-class (the New York Heart Association Functional Classification). This study indicates that CTGF concentration in plasma is a novel diagnostic marker for cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in chronic heart failure patients. Increased myocardial CTGF activities after myocardial infarction are associated with attenuation of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and improved LV function mediated by attenuation of inflammatory responses and inhibition of apoptosis. Plasma CTGF levels were elevated in patients with stable asthma and were correlated with parameters of pulmonary function tests and asthma control.

Summary References (17)

References to Connective Tissue Growth Factor

  • Abdel-Wahab N, Weston BS, Roberts T, Mason RM. Connective tissue growth factor and regulation of the mesangial cell cycle: role in cellular hypertrophy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 Oct;13 (10):2437-45
  • Chen MM, Lam A, Abraham JA, Schreiner GF, Joly AH. CTGF expression is induced by TGF- beta in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiac myocytes: a potential role in heart fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2000 Oct;32 (10):1805-19
  • Gerritsen KG, Leeuwis JW, Koeners MP, Bakker SJ, van Oeveren W, Aten J, Tarnow L, Rossing P, Wetzels JF, Joles JA, Kok RJ, Goldschmeding R, Nguyen TQ. Elevated Urinary Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Diabetic Nephropathy Is Caused by Local Production and Tubular Dysfunction. J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015:539787
  • Gravning J, Orn S, Kaasboll OJ, Martinov VN, Manhenke C, Dickstein K, Edvardsen T, Attramadal H, Ahmed MS. Myocardial connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) attenuates left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. PLoS One. 2012;7 (12):e52120
  • Gressner AM, Yagmur E, Lahme B, Gressner O, Stanzel S. Connective tissue growth factor in serum as a new candidate test for assessment of hepatic fibrosis. Clin Chem. 2006 Sep;52 (9):1815-7
  • Gressner OA, Fang M, Li H, Lu LG, Gressner AM, Gao CF. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) in serum is an indicator of fibrogenic progression and malignant transformation in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Clin Chim Acta. 2013 Jun 05;421:126-31
  • Gressner OA, Gressner AM. Connective tissue growth factor: a fibrogenic master switch in fibrotic liver diseases. Liver Int. 2008 Sep;28 (8):1065-79
  • Gygi D, Zumstein P, Grossenbacher D, Altwegg L, Luscher TF, Gehring H. Human connective tissue growth factor expressed in Escherichia coli is a non-mitogenic inhibitor of apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Nov 21;311 (3):685-90
  • Honsawek S, Yuktanandana P, Tanavalee A, Chirathaworn C, Anomasiri W, Udomsinprasert W, Saetan N, Suantawee T, Tantavisut S. Plasma and synovial fluid connective tissue growth factor levels are correlated with disease severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Biomarkers. 2012 Jun;17 (4):303-8
  • Kato M, Fujisawa T, Hashimoto D, Kono M, Enomoto N, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Hamada E, Miyazaki O, Kurashita S, Maekawa M, Suda T. Plasma connective tissue growth factor levels as potential biomarkers of airway obstruction in patients with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014 Sep;113 (3):295-300
  • Koitabashi N, Arai M, Niwano K, Watanabe A, Endoh M, Suguta M, Yokoyama T, Tada H, Toyama T, Adachi H, Naito S, Oshima S, Nishida T, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Kurabayashi M. Plasma connective tissue growth factor is a novel potential biomarker of cardiac dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2008 Apr;10 (4):373-9
  • Kovalenko E, Tacke F, Gressner OA, Zimmermann HW, Lahme B, Janetzko A, Wiederholt T, Berg T, Muller T, Trautwein C, Gressner AM, Weiskirchen R. Validation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) and its gene polymorphisms as noninvasive biomarkers for the assessment of liver fibrosis. J Viral Hepat. 2009 Sep;16 (9):612-20
  • Lam S, van der Geest RN, Verhagen NA, van Nieuwenhoven FA, Blom IE, Aten J, Goldschmeding R, Daha MR, van Kooten C. Connective tissue growth factor and igf-I are produced by human renal fibroblasts and cooperate in the induction of collagen production by high glucose. Diabetes. 2003 Dec;52 (12):2975-83
  • Leask A, Abraham DJ. The role of connective tissue growth factor, a multifunctional matricellular protein, in fibroblast biology. Biochem Cell Biol. 2003 Dec;81 (6):355-63
  • Lombet A, Planque N, Bleau AM, Li CL, Perbal B. CCN3 and calcium signaling. Cell Commun Signal. 2003 Aug 15;1 (1):1
  • Rachfal AW, Brigstock DR. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) in hepatic fibrosis. Hepatol Res. 2003 May;26 (1):1-9
  • Riser BL, Cortes P, DeNichilo M, Deshmukh PV, Chahal PS, Mohammed AK, Yee J, Kahkonen D. Urinary CCN2 (CTGF) as a possible
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