Surfactant Protein D Rat/Mouse EIA

Cat. No.	Size	Price
New 80103	96 wells (1 kit)

Technical Data

Type

Sandwich ELISA

Applications

Serum, Bronchoalveolar lavage

Sample Requirements

100µL (after dilution)

Shipping

On dry ice. Upon receipt, store the product at the temperature recommended below.

Storage/Expiration

Store all components of this kit at 2-8°C. This kit is stable under these conditions for 18 months from the date of manufacturing.

Calibration Range

0.47-30 ng/mL

Limit of Detection

0.24 ng/mL

Summary

Features

Research Use Only.
This kit measures SP-D in rat/mouse serum and bronchoalveolar fluid
Assay format is 96 wells.
Components of the kit are provided ready-to-use, lyophilized, or concentrated.

Research topic

Immune Response, Infection and Inflammation, Pulmonary diseases, Animal studies, COVID-19

Summary

Surfactant Protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collageneous subfamily of glycoproteins and calcium-dependent lectins (collectins). SP-D is a homotrimeric protein consisting of three 43kDa units that are bonded at their N-termini. Most preparations of SP-D contain predominantly dodecamers (four trimeric subunits), but also higher multimers have been observed. Each unit consists of at least four discrete structural domains: a short N-terminal domain; a relatively long collagenous domain, a short amphipathic connecting peptide, and a C-terminal, C-type lectin carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). SP-D is synthesized and secreted by two types of non-ciliated epithelial cells in the peripheral airway, alveolar type II cells and Clara cells. It is also expressed by various epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts and placenta. In the lungs, SP-D participates in the innate response to inhaled microorganisms and organic antigens. SP-D acts by aggregating bacteria and viruses, leukocyte function and stimulating an allergenic response. SP-D binds to the surface glycoconjugates of various microorganisms (eg, influenza virus, HIV, HSV, RSV, Mycoplasma pneumoniae) and the oligosaccharides associated with the surface of numerous organic antigens and enhances their phagocytosis. Studies have shown that SP-D binds to T cells, thus inhibiting their proliferation. SP-D also binds with inflammatory ligands via protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate interactions that are effective in reducing specific inflammation. In addition, SP-D binds to apoptotic cells and stimulates their phagocytosis by macrophages governed by mechanisms dependent and CD91 calreticulin. Given that SP-D together with SP-A affects the reactivity of immune cells, their presence in the endometrium and placenta plays an important role in protection against bacteria and toxins during pregnancy. Reduced levels of all components of pulmonary surfactant, including SP-D, has been linked to premature birth. Disturbance of pulmonary surfactant is in many cases the reason for collapse of the lungs and is also associated with many pulmonary diseases. All types of chronic lung disease are characterized by pathologically altered levels in lung tissue (fibrosis and emphysema). Studies have shown that expression of SP-D is associated with many pulmonary diseases: cystic fibrosis, acute interstitial pneumonia (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, alveolar capillary dysplasia, alveolar proteinase and tuberculosis.

Summary References (9)

References to Surfactant Protein D

Crouch EC. Surfactant protein-D and pulmonary host defense. Respir Res. 2000;1 (2):93-108
Greene KE, Wright JR, Steinberg KP, Ruzinski JT, Caldwell E, Wong WB, Hull W, Whitsett JA, Akino T, Kuroki Y, Nagae H, Hudson LD, Martin TR. Serial changes in surfactant-associated proteins in lung and serum before and after onset of ARDS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Dec;160 (6):1843-50
Honda Y, Kuroki Y, Matsuura E, Nagae H, Takahashi H, Akino T, Abe S. Pulmonary surfactant protein D in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Dec;152 (6 Pt 1):1860-6
Inoue T, Matsuura E, Nagata A, Ogasawara Y, Hattori A, Kuroki Y, Fujimoto S, Akino T. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human pulmonary surfactant protein D. J Immunol Methods. 1994 Aug 1;173 (2):157-64
Nagae H, Takahashi H, Kuroki Y, Honda Y, Nagata A, Ogasawara Y, Abe S, Akino T. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using F(ab')2 fragment for the detection of human pulmonary surfactant protein D in sera. Clin Chim Acta. 1997 Oct 31;266 (2):157-71
Ohnishi H, Yokoyama A, Kondo K, Hamada H, Abe M, Nishimura K, Hiwada K, Kohno N. Comparative study of KL-6, surfactant protein-A, surfactant protein-D, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 as serum markers for interstitial lung diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Feb 1;165 (3):378-81
Takahashi H, Fujishima T, Koba H, Murakami S, Kurokawa K, Shibuya Y, Shiratori M, Kuroki Y, Abe S. Serum surfactant proteins A and D as prognostic factors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and their relationship to disease extent. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Sep;162 (3 Pt 1):1109-14
Takahashi H, Kuroki Y, Tanaka H, Saito T, Kurokawa K, Chiba H, Sagawa A, Nagae H, Abe S. Serum levels of surfactant proteins A and D are useful biomarkers for interstitial lung disease in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Jul;162 (1):258-63
Ciftci F, Sen E, Arkan G, Acar D, Saryal S. The relation between serum surfactant protein-d level and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity.Biomedical Research (2018) Volume 29, Issue 7

Docs