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Trefoil Factor 1 Human, Sheep Polyclonal Antibody

  • Regulatory status:RUO
  • Type:Polyclonal Antibody
  • Other names:pS2 protein, HP1.A, Breast cancer estrogen-inducible protein, PNR-2, TFF1 , Protein pS2, Polypeptide P1.A, hP1.A, BCEI, PS2
  • Species:Human
Cat. No. Size Price
1 pc / 2 - 5 pcs / 6+ pcs


RD184158100 0.1 mg $277 / $243 / On request
PubMed Product Details
Technical Data

Type

Polyclonal Antibody

Applications

Western blotting, ELISA

Source of Antigen

E. coli

Hosts

Sheep

Preparation

The antibody was raised in rabbits by immunization with the recombinant Human Trefoil Factor 1.

Amino Acid Sequence

The immunization antigen (7.9 kDa – calculated) is a protein containing 70 AA of recombinant Human Trefoil Factor 1. N-Terminal His-tag, 10 extra AA.

MKHHHHHHASEAQTETCTVAPRERQNCGFPGVTPSQCANKGCCFDDTVRGVPWCFYPNTIDVPPEEECEF

Species Reactivity

Human. Not yet tested in other species.

Purification Method

Immunoaffinity chromatography on a column with immobilized recombinant Human Trefoil Factor 1.

Antibody Content

0.1 mg (determined by BCA method, BSA was used as a standard)

Formulation

The antibody is lyophilized in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, 0.1 M NaCl, pH 7.2. 

Reconstitution

Add 0.2 ml of deionized water and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Slight turbidity may occur after reconstitution, which does not affect activity of the antibody. In this case clarify the solution by centrifugation.

Shipping

At ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at the temperature recommended below.

Storage/Expiration

The lyophilized antibody remains stable and fully active until the expiry date when stored at -20°C.Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles and store frozen at -80°C. Reconstituted antibody can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show decline in activity after one week at 4°C.

Quality Control Test

Indirect ELISA – to determine titer of the antibody SDS PAGE – to determine purity of the antibody BCA - to determine quantity of the antibody

Note

This product is for research use only.

Summary

Research topic

Energy metabolism and body weight regulation, Immune Response, Infection and Inflammation, Oncology, Sepsis

Summary

Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1, pS2) is a small secreted protein with molecular weight of 6.5 kDa (monomers, 14 kDa – dimers). It belongs to the TFF protein family that is characterized by a clover leaf–like disulphide structure named the TFF domain, which is created by 6 cysteines forming three intramolecular bonds. TFF1 contains one trefoil domain, but has a seventh cysteine in position 57 that is essential for formation of dimers. TFF1 exist as both monomers and dimers (homo- and heterodimers – with gastrokine 2). The most abundant expression of TFF1 is found in the GI tract (especially in stomach, colon and pancreas) where it is co-localised with mucins, usually with MUC5AC. It is probable that TFF1 is closely connected with healing and stabilisation of the mucin layer. TFF1 was found in significant amounts in ulcer associated cell lineage UACL, where EGF (epidermal growth factor) is also present. The hypothesis that TFF1 expression is influenced by EGF has been proposed, and this has been supported by a study on EGF KO mice which had lower levels of TFF1. A study examining people with Crohn´s disease and inflammatory bowel disease showed that TFF1 level in serum is increased during the inflammatory state. TFF1 is also highly expressed in the trachea and its level increases after administration of allergen, indicating thatTFF1 could be associated with asthma. Another study found that TFF1 levels are high in septic patients and that the level correlates with prognosis of the septic state. High levels of TFF1 in serum were also found in patients with prostate and other types of cancer (breast, colon and ovarian tumors) but its prognostic value has not yet been proved. The exact function of TFF1 is not yet fully understood.

Summary References (7)

References to Trefoil Factor 1

  • Kjellev S. The trefoil factor family - small peptides with multiple functionalities. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Apr;66 (8):1350-69
  • Kouznetsova I, Chwieralski CE, Balder R, Hinz M, Braun A, Krug N, Hoffmann W. Induced trefoil factor family 1 expression by trans-differentiating Clara cells in a murine asthma model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2007 Mar;36 (3):286-95
  • Madsen J, Nielsen O, Tornoe I, Thim L, Holmskov U. Tissue localization of human trefoil factors 1, 2, and 3. J Histochem Cytochem. 2007 May;55 (5):505-13
  • Oertel M, Graness A, Thim L, Buhling F, Kalbacher H, Hoffmann W. Trefoil factor family-peptides promote migration of human bronchial epithelial cells: synergistic effect with epidermal growth factor. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2001 Oct;25 (4):418-24
  • Samson MH, Vestergaard EM, Milman N, Poulsen SS, Nexo E. Circulating serum trefoil factors increase dramatically during pregnancy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2008;68 (5):369-74
  • Vestergaard EM, Borre M, Poulsen SS, Nexo E, Torring N. Plasma levels of trefoil factors are increased in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Feb 1;12 (3 Pt 1):807-12
  • Vestergaard EM, Brynskov J, Ejskjaer K, Clausen JT, Thim L, Nexo E, Poulsen SS. Immunoassays of human trefoil factors 1 and 2: measured on serum from patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2004 Apr;64 (2):146-56
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